Breast cancer is a global health concern, causing 685,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. It is a disease where abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can become fatal if not treated. The cancer begins in the milk ducts or lobules and can spread to other body parts. In 2020, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, making it the most prevalent cancer globally.
Female gender is the strongest breast cancer risk factor. Approximately 0.5–1% of breast cancers occur in men. The treatment of breast cancer in men follows the same principles of management as for women.
Risk factors include female gender, age, obesity, alcohol consumption, family history, radiation exposure, reproductive history, tobacco use, and postmenopausal hormone therapy. Symptoms can range from breast lumps and skin changes to nipple abnormalities and discharge.
Treatment depends on the cancer's subtype and stage, involving a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and medications. Early detection and complete treatment courses are crucial for positive outcomes.
Key Points:
Global Impact: Breast cancer caused 685,000 deaths globally in 2020, with 2.3 million women diagnosed. It is the world's most prevalent cancer.
Risk Factors: Being female and aging are the primary risk factors. Other factors include obesity, alcohol use, family history, and certain genetic mutations.
Treatment: It varies based on the cancer type and stage, including surgery, radiation, and medications. Early and complete treatment is essential for positive outcomes.
WHO response
The objective of the WHO Global Breast Cancer Initiative (GBCI) is to reduce global breast cancer mortality by 2.5% per year, thereby averting 2.5 million breast cancer deaths globally between 2020 and 2040. Reducing global breast cancer mortality by 2.5% per year would avert 25% of breast cancer deaths by 2030 and 40% by 2040 among women under 70 years of age. The three pillars toward achieving these objectives are: health promotion for early detection, timely diagnosis, and comprehensive breast cancer management.
Thought-Provoking Questions:
Early Detection: How can global initiatives focus on early detection to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer effectively?
Treatment Accessibility: What steps can be taken to make treatments more accessible and affordable worldwide, especially in low-income countries?
Public Awareness: How can public awareness be increased regarding the risk factors and early symptoms of breast cancer to promote early detection and treatment?
"Together, we can end breast cancer."
Learn more about how here 👉🏼 World Health Organisation.
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